**Mungkan hta shawng nnan na mahkawn hkawn ai wa kun?** Npawt Nhpang: Music gaw shinggyim htunghking hta ahkyak ai daw langai mi rai nga ai, aten ladaw n-gun n rawng ai wa a n-gun n rawng ai ni a npawt nhpang lam langai mi kaw nna, mahkawn hkawn ai lam a npawt nhpang lam langai mi rai nga ai, mungkan ting hta shawng nnan na mahkawn hkawn ai wa kadai re ai ngu ai ga san gaw, ndai mahkawn hkawn ai lam a npawt nhpang gaw gara hku rai na ngu ai ga san gaw, ndai laika buk hta, mungkan hta shawng nnan na mahkawn hkawn ai lam gaw, myit n pyaw hpa zawn rai nga ai. mahkawn hkawn ai labau hpe sawk sagawn ai, nsen shapraw ai lam a shawng nnan na hkrang ni hpe sawk sagawn ai, prat shagu hta mying kaba ai mahkawn hkawn ai ni hpe madi madun dan ai, hpang jahtum e, mungkan hta kadai hpe shawng nnan na mahkawn hkawn ai wa ngu nna chye na lu ai n chye na ai ga san hpe tsun dan u. tsun shaga ai lam ni, hte melodic hkrang ni hpe n-gun jaw ai lam ni, ndai mahkawn hkawn ai lam ni gaw shinggyim masha ni a htung lailen ni, htung lailen ni, shinggyim kanawn mazum lam ni hte grai matut mahkai nga ai. Ga shadawn, moi na amyu bawsang wuhpung wuhpawng ni hta, mahkawn hkawn ai lam gaw, nawku htung lamang ni, maumwi ni hpe tsun dan ai lam ni hta ahkyak ai lit nga ai, htunghking arawn alai ni hpe makawp maga ai lam hta ahkyak ai lit nga ai. Dai hta n-ga, mahkawn hkawn ai lam gaw, dai aten na mahkawn hkawn ai lam hta n bung ai yaw shada lam ni hte ladat ni hpe lu la na matu ahkyak nga ai hpe sadi ra ai. n-gun n law ai hte grau nna n-gun n rawng ai, shanhte gaw madung hku nna hkam sha lam ni hpe tsun shapraw na matu yaw shada ai, madung ra kadawn ai lam ni hpe tsun dan na matu yaw shada ai. moi na mahkawn hkawn ai ni hte Vocal Traditions: Shinggyim htunghking ni pru wa nna rawt jat wa ai hte maren, mahkawn hkawn ai lam gaw grau nna gram lajang da ai hte n-gun n rawng ai hkrang hpe hkam la ai shaloi, mungkan ting na htunghking amyu myu hta moi na mahkawn hkawn ai ni hte nsen htunghking ni a sakse ni hpe anhte mu lu na re{{11} ********** Music**: Moi na prat hta hkrung nga ai nsen htunghking langai mi gaw Indian classical music. Shi a npawt nhpang hpe Vedas ngu ai, moi na chyoi pra ai laika ni hpe BCE 1500 grup yin kaw na sawk sagawn ai}} Ga shadawn, Rigveda gaw, laika buk langai ngai hta ka da ai mahkawn ni hpe ka da ai rai nna, mahkawn hkawn ai lam hpe shawng nnan hta tsun da ai mahkawn ni hpe laika hte ka da ai laika buk. hte Roman Mahkawn hkawn ai ni**: Moi na Greece hte Roma ni mung, mahkawn mangoi hte mahkawn hkawn ai lam hta grai rawt jat wa ai lam ni hpe madun dan ai, Greek ni gaw mahkawn hkawn ai hku nna mahkawn hkawn ai lam ni hpe galaw ai, lyre. ngu ai mying kaba ai Greek mahkawn hkawn ai ni lawm ai, shi a ga shagawp, Terpander ngu ai mying kaba ai Sappho lawm ai, mying kaba ai Greek mahkawn hkawn ai ni lawm ai, Sparta{19 Dai hte maren, Roma mahkawn hkawn ai lam ni, shingni shingjawng ai lam ni, nawku htung ni a mahkawn mangoi lamang ni a aten hta, Roma mahkawn hkawn ai lam ni a aten hta, Roma mahkawn hkawn ai lam ni a aten hta mung, grai ra sharawng wa ai. **Chinese Tara Rung mahkawn hkawn ai ni**: Miwa mung gaw, grau nna, Tang Dynasty ({21}} CE aten hta, nsen n-gun ja ai labau nga ai ({21}} CE aten hta, hkawhkam htingnu kaw mahkawn hkawn ai ni hpe grai tsawm htap hkra galaw ya ai, mahkawn hkawn ai ni hpe hkungga lara ai lam galaw ai wa hpe hkungga lara ai,'' tara rung kaw na mahkawn hkawn ai wa Gao Jichang gaw shi a laklai ai n-gun atsam hte laika law law hpe kalang ta. **Medieval prat na Troubadours** mahkawn hkawn lu ai atsam a majaw myit dum nga ai. Europe{{27} ** Nawku htung ni a rawt jat lam ni** hta rawt jat lam ni: labau hta, nawku htung wuhpung wuhpawng ni gaw, Hkristan makam masham hta Gregorian jawngma ni (sh) Islam hta muezzins ni zawn re ai mahkawn hkawn ai ni a rawt jat galu kaba lam hpe grai madi shadaw ya sai. mahkawn hkawn ai{30}} htunghking hte mahkawn mangoi htunghking ni gaw shanhte a laklai ai mahkawn hkawn ai lam a laklai ai hkrang ni hpe garum ya ai{31} ** Myit n pyaw hpa awng dang lam ni hte ladat ni hpe madi shadaw ya ai** ni gaw: **Bel Canto Technique***: Tsaban 17 laman Italy mungdan hta hpaw hpang wa ai, bel canto ladat gaw nsen, agility, hte vocal performance{33} zawn re ai mahkawn hkawn ai ni a tsawm htap ai lam hpe kayau kaya galaw ai hpe ahkyak shatai nna galaw ai. Soprano zawn re ai ndai ladat hpe ndai ladat hpe tsun dan na matu la sa wa ai{{34} hpe la sa wa ai{34}**: Yodeling, nsen hte bawnu lapran lawan ai hku galai shai ai lam ni lawm ai nsen ladat langai mi gaw, Europe a bum ga kata na bum ga ni hta ru jung nga ai{35}}} Ndai mahkawn hkawn ai ladat gaw Swiss, Austria, hte Bavari amyu sha mahkawn hkawn ai lam hta dan dawng nga ai **Throat Singing**: Throat hta dan dawng nga ai. mahkawn hkawn ai gaw, n-gun n rawng ai mahkawn hkawn ai ngu nna mung chye ai, langai hkrai gaw, n-gun law law hpe kalang ta shapraw ai wa rai nga ai, ndai laklai ai nsen ladat gaw, n-gun n-gun shayawm ai wuhpung wuhpawng ni a lapran hta, Central Asia kaw nna pru wa ai rai nna, dai ni Tuva hte Mongolia zawn re ai ginra ni hta, dai ni du hkra, ya du hkra, sharin hkam la nga ai. 1990 ning hta shinggyim masha ni hte matut mahkai nna, shinggyim wuhpawng magam bungli ni hta shang lawm nna, mahkawn hkawn ai lam, shi a prat masa hku nna, htunghking masa ni hpe hpaw ninghtan ai lam hte labau mabyin masa ni hpe ka matsing da ai lam ni hpe tau hkrau masat da ai wa gaw, shinggyim masha ni a shingra tara hte mungkan ting na shinggyim masha ni a tsun shaga ai lam a shingra tara hte mungkan ting a ladat langai hku nna pru wa ai., mahkawn hkawn ai lam, shi a htunghking amyu myu hte galoi mung galai shai wa nga ai ladat ni hte, labau hta shawng nnan na mahkawn hkawn ai lam hpe anhte n lu hkap la ai raitim, shinggyim masha ni hpe n-gun jaw lu ai, anhte gaw, shinggyim masha ni a shinggyim nga pra masa hpe n-gun jaw ai lam rai nga ai. mahkawn hkawn ai a ngang grin ai ahkyak ai lam hpe, hpawng de ai shinggyim masha ni a mahkrum madup. Dai ni du hkra, mahkawn hkawn ai ni gaw, anhte a moi na lai wa sai aten hta shangai wa ai aten n-htum n-wai ai htunghking hpe shawng de woi sa wa nna, shanhte a mahkawn ni hte matut nna myit rawt nga ma ai.